<?xml version="1.1" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">SDME</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Scientific Development of Modern Education</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>2998-9027</issn><eissn>2998-9043</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Art and Technology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.61369/SDME.2025220012</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>中小学生基本心理需要与心理健康的性别、年级差异及相关因素研究</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/SDME/2/22/10.61369/SDME.2025220012</url><author>庞小佳</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>22</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2025-10-10</published-time></date></history><abstract>本研究基于自我决定理论，探讨中小学生基本心理需要与心理健康（幸福感、自尊、孤独感）的性别、年级差异及相关因素。结果显示，男生幸福感高于女生；幸福感和孤独感小学阶段相对较高，初中阶段均下降，高中阶段均略回升；父母支持、教师支持和朋友支持均与基本心理需求呈显著正相关，基本心理需要与幸福感、自尊正相关，与孤独感负相关。研究表明，环境支持及基本心理需要与学生心理健康密切相关，这为中小学心理健康教育提供参考。</abstract><keywords>基本心理需要,心理健康,性别差异,年级差异</keywords></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>[1]Steinberg, L.Age of opportunity: Lessons from the new science of adolescence[J]. &amp;nbsp;Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2014.[2]Ryan, R. M., &amp;amp; Deci, E. L. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 2000,55(1), 68&amp;ndash;78.&amp;nbsp;[3]Vansteenkiste, M., Ryan, R. M., &amp;amp; Soenens, B.Basic psychological need theory: Advancements, critical themes, and future directions[J]. &amp;nbsp;Motivation and Emotion, 2020, 44(1), 1&amp;ndash;31.&amp;nbsp;[4]Deci, E. L., &amp;amp; Ryan, R. M.Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness[J]. &amp;nbsp;Guilford Press. 2017.&amp;nbsp;[5] 王登峰. 自我决定理论视角下青少年心理健康研究[J]. 心理学报.2018,50(6), 745&amp;ndash;758.&amp;nbsp;[6]Chen, X., et al. Parental support and adolescents&amp;rsquo; well-being in the Chinese context[J]. &amp;nbsp;Journal of Adolescence,2015. 40, 123&amp;ndash;134.[7]王慧, 王咏梅. 教师支持与同伴支持对学生心理健康的影响[J]. 教育研究.2019,40(3), 67&amp;ndash;75.&amp;nbsp;[8]Larson, R., &amp;amp; Richards, M. H.Daily companionship in late childhood and early adolescence: Changing developmental contexts[J]. Child Development.1991,62(2), 284&amp;ndash;300. (1991).[9]Qualter, P., et al.Loneliness in childhood and adolescence[J]. Advances in Child Development and Behavior.2015,48, 1&amp;ndash;36. (2015).&amp;nbsp;[10] 梁爱郡 , 董及美. 中小学生幸福感发展阶段性特征研究[J]. 心理科学.2025,48(2), 112&amp;ndash;120.&amp;nbsp;</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
