[1]Arora, Payal. “General data protection regulation—A global standard? Privacy futures, digital activism, and surveillance cultures in the Global South.” Surveillance &Society 17, no. 5 (2019): 717-725.[2]Aisha Adeyeri and Hossein Abroshan,‘Geopolitical Ramifications of Cybersecurity Threats: State Responses and International Cooperations in the Digital Warfare Era’(2024) 15 Information 682.[3]Heeks, Richard. “Digital inequality beyond the digital divide: conceptualizing adverse digital incorporation in the global South.” Information Technology for Development28, no. 4 (2022): 688-704.[4] 洪延青. 中国数据出境安全管理制度的“再平衡”—— 基于国家间数据竞争战略的视角[J]. 中国法律评论,2024,(03):201-212.[5] Drew, R., 2016. Technological determinism. A companion to popular culture, pp.165-183.[6] Khalid Khan, Chi-Wei Su, Muhammad Umar and Weike Zhang,‘Geopolitics of Technology: A New Battleground?’(2022) 28 Technological and Economic Development of Economy 442.[7]Wyatt, Sally. “Technological determinism: what it is and why it matters.” In Technology ethics, pp. 26-33. Routledge, 2023.[8]Zongfei, Li, Dong Youqiang, Hou Miaole, Wang Jian, and Xin Taiqi. “Basic issues and research directions of the digital restoration of the Great Wall.” National Remote Sensing Bulletin 25, no. 12 (2022): 2365-2380.[9]Couldry, Nick, and Ulises A. Mejias. “Data colonialism: Rethinking big data’s relation to the contemporary subject.” Television & new media 20, no. 4 (2019): 336-349.[10]Borgogno, Oscar, and Michele Savini Zangrandi. 2024.“Chinese Data Governance and Trade Policy: From Cyber Sovereignty to the Quest for Digital Hegemony?”Journal of Contemporary China 33 (148): 578–602. doi:10.1080/10670564.2023.2299961.[11] Gürcan, Efe Can. “The multipolar challenge: implications for dollar dominance and the shifting tides of US hegemony.” Belt & Road Initiative Quarterly (2024).[12]Borgogno, O., & Savini Zangrandi, M. (2024). Chinese Data Governance and Trade Policy: From Cyber Sovereignty to the Quest for Digital Hegemony? Journal of Contemporary China, 33(148), 578–602.[13]Pertiwi, W. K. (2022). Aktivitas browsing TikTok disebut Bisa Dipantau, Begini Cara Cek Apakah Pengguna terdampak Atau Tidak. KOMPAS.com. https://tekno.kompas.com/read/2022/08/22/17030037/aktivitas-browsing-tiktok-disebut-bisa-dipantau-begini-cara-cek-apakah-pengguna[14]Liu, Na. “CCTV cameras at home: Temporality experience of surveillance technology in family life.” New Media & Society (2024): 14614448241229175.[15]Chander, Anupam, The Electronic Silk Road: How the Web Binds the World in Commerce (2013). Anupam Chander, The Electronic Silk Road: How the Web Binds the World in Commerce (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press 2013), <https://ssrn.com/abstract=3662605> accessed at 25 June 2025.[16] Aynne Kokas, Trafficking Data: How China Is Winning the Battle for Digital Sovereignty (OUP 2022), p. 51.[17]Chuanjing Guan and Qinyi Xu,‘The Boundary of Supranational Rules: Revisiting Policy Space Conflicts in Global Trade Politics’ (2021) 55 Journal of World Trade<https://kluwerlawonline.com/api/Product/CitationPDFURL?file=Journals\TRAD\TRAD2021036.pdf> .[18] Richard Sandbrook,‘Polanyi and Post-Neoliberalism in the Global South: Dilemmas of Re-Embedding the Economy’ (2011) 16 New Political Economy 415 <http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563467.2010.504300> .[19]Deng, Zehang, Wanlun Ma, Qing-Long Han, Wei Zhou, Xiaogang Zhu, Sheng Wen, and Yang Xiang. “Exploring DeepSeek: A Survey on Advances, Applications,Challenges and Future Directions.”IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 12, no. 5 (2025): 872-893.[20] Singh, Parminder Jeet, and Jai Vipra. “Economic rights over data: A framework for community data ownership.” Development 62, no. 1 (2019): 53-57.[21] Avila Pinto, Renata. “Digital sovereignty or digital colonialsim.” SUR-Int'l J. on Hum Rts. 15 (2018): 15.[22] Kwet, Michael. “Digital colonialism: US empire and the new imperialism in the Global South.” Race & class 60, no. 4 (2019): 3-26.[23] 王海滨. 美国涉华数据出境限制政策评析[J]. 现代国际关系,2025,(01):105-124+149.[24]Quintana, A.R., 2021. Latin American countries must not allow Huawei to develop their 5G networks. Issue brief No, 6041, pp.1-8.[25] 于学昊. 人工智能服务国际贸易下的数据劳工困境与挑战[J]. International Economy and Development, 2024, 2(2): 45-47. https://doi.org/10.61369/IED.7050.[26]Kak, Amba, and Samm Sacks. “Shifting Narratives and Emergent Trends in Data-Governance Policy.” (2021).