<?xml version="1.1" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">EAE</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Environment and Ecology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>2998-9094</issn><eissn>2998-9108</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Art and Technology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.61369/EAE.2025040016</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>改性生物炭在镉离子污染修复中的研究进展</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/EAE/2/4/10.61369/EAE.2025040016</url><author>杨吉元</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2025-08-20</published-time></date></history><abstract>镉离子（Cd2+）污染对生态环境和人体健康构成严重威胁，开发高效、经济的修复材料已成为环境领域的研究热点。生物炭因其来源广泛、成本低廉、环境友好等优点，在Cd2+吸附方面表现出良好潜力，但原始生物炭存在吸附容量低、选择性差等问题。通过物理、化学和生物改性可显著提升其性能。本文系统综述了改性生物炭在Cd2+污染修复中的研究进展，重点分析了气体活化、球磨、酸碱处理、金属/非金属掺杂、微生物改性等策略对其结构特性、表面化学性质及吸附性能的调控机制，总结了不同改性方法对Cd2+的去除效果与作用机理，并对未来研究方向与实际应用中面临的挑战进行了展望，以期为改性生物炭在重金属污染修复中的进一步开发与应用提供参考。</abstract><keywords>生物炭,改性,镉离子,吸附</keywords></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>[1] Hou L, Ji S, Zhang Y, et al. The mechanism of silicon on alleviating cadmium toxicity in plants: A review[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2023, 14: 1138.[2] Deng M H, Malik A, Zhang Q, et al. Improving Cd risk managements of rice cropping system by integrating source-soil-rice-human chain for a typical intensive industrial and agricultural region[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 313: 127883.
[3] 王振, 韩永胜, 张淑芬, 等. 改性牛粪生物炭对铅、镉复合污染土壤的钝化研究[J].家畜生态学报,2025,46(05):59-66.[4] Shao Y T, Zheng L T, Jiang Y G. Cadmium toxicity and autophagy: a review[J]. Biometals, 2024, 37(3): 609-629.[5] 王泽亚, 龚香宜, 任大军, 等. &amp;beta;-环糊精改性梧桐叶基生物炭对水中镉离子的去除研究[J].功能材料,2022,53(08):8092-8098.[6] 木丽远, 周洪印, 韩宇, 等. 磷酸改性生物炭对小白菜镉吸收的阻控效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,9(04):202-210.[7] 周晗, 丁永丰, 丁壬淇, 等. Si-P改性生物炭对弱碱性Cd污染土壤肥力调控效应及小白菜生长的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(04):930-941.[8] Li P F, Lan H L, Chen K, et al. Novel high-flux positively charged aliphatic polyamide nanofiltration membrane for selective removal of heavy metals[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 280: 119949.[9] 雷静, 樊敏敏, 吴国照, 等. 生物炭改性技术对土壤污染修复的协同效应与优化创新[J].资源节约与环保,2025,7(03):117-121.[10] Sonali R D, Satyajit M D, Ajinkya K, et al. A review outlook on methods for removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2024, 350: 127868.[11] 吕鹏, 李莲芳, 黄晓雅. 改性生物炭修复砷镉复合污染土壤研究进展[J]. 环境科学, 2023, 44(07): 4077-4090.[12] Lan Z, Zhibo Z, Lusi W, et al. Mechanism and application of sulfhydryl-modified chitosan derivative for decontamination of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in water bodies[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 306: 141535.[13] 姚克峰, 孙延康, 李飞跃, 等. 金属改性生物炭对污染土壤中锑的钝化修复效果[J].安徽科技学院学报,2025,39(02):42-48.[14] 木丽远, 周洪印, 黄祖志, 等. 改性生物炭对小白菜中镉吸收累积的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2025,41(08):1086-1094.[15] Tan W-T, Zhou H, Tang S-F, et al. Enhancing Cd2+ adsorption on rice straw biochar by modification of iron and manganese oxides[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2022, 300: 118899.[16] 刘蕊, 杨绍辉, 邓志华, 等. 氢氧化钾改性咖啡渣生物炭对重金属污染土壤的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2025,31(07):1134-1144.[17] 罗莹莹, 华碧成, 吴钦鸿, 等. 草酸改性生物炭对重金属铬污染土壤的修复研究[J].广州化工,2024,52(19):136-138.[18] Li J, Li M, Wang S, et al. Key role of pore size in Cr(VI) removal by the composites of 3-dimentional mesoporous silica nanospheres wrapped with polyaniline[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2020, 729: 139009.[19] 栗泽红, 宋慧佳, 张新月, et al. 生物炭改性策略及其在铬( Ⅵ ) 污染修复中的研究进展[J]. 分析化学, 2024, 52(03): 323-335.[20] 李文章, 胡亚茹, 李法云, 等. 铁改性生物炭-凹凸棒石载体固定化菌剂制备及其对氯苯污染土壤修复作用[J].生态环境学报,2024,33(11):1782-1791.</p><pub-id pub-id-type="doi"/></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
